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Operations Management
April 2024 Examination
Q1. DMart is a well-known retail chain that has gained popularity for its DMart Ready service, an online platform for grocery shopping. One of the critical aspects that contribute to its success is its robust inventory management system. Describe the concept of DMart Ready and how it differs from the traditional DMart physical stores by listing down the various inventory management techniques prevalent in the retail industry. Also, discuss the key components and strategies employed by DMart Ready in its inventory management system to ensure efficient operations and customer satisfaction. (10 marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
DMart, an established name in the retail sector, has further solidified its market presence with the introduction of DMart Ready, its online grocery shopping platform. This strategic move marks a significant evolution from its conventional brick-and-mortar establishments, reflecting the changing dynamics of consumer preferences and the retail landscape. The key to DMart Ready’s success lies in its advanced inventory management system, a cornerstone of modern retail operations that ensures efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and customer satisfaction. Unlike traditional DMart stores, DMart Ready operates in the digital sphere, where inventory management is not
Q2. Explain the fundamental concept of the Theory of Constraints (TOC) and its significance in optimizing manufacturing processes. Considering a suitable example, describe the key principles of the TOC philosophy and how it can be applied to synchronous manufacturing to enhance production scheduling. Also illustrate how the concept of DBR helps in improving overall system performance, reducing lead times, and increasing throughput in manufacturing environments (Assume any industry). (10 marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
The Theory of Constraints (TOC) is a significant paradigm in operations management that focuses on identifying and addressing the most critical limitations, or constraints, within a manufacturing or production process. Developed by Dr. Eliyahu M. Goldratt in the 1980s, TOC has revolutionized how businesses view their processes and bottlenecks. It operates on the premise that every system, regardless of its complexity, is limited in achieving more of its goals by a small number of constraints. The aim of TOC is to systematically improve the system by focusing on these constraints, thus enhancing overall performance. This method is
Q3. In a big multi-specialty hospital, quality management plays a pivotal role in ensuring patient satisfaction and safety. Quality management tools are vital for achieving operational excellence and maintaining high standards of healthcare services. Additionally, the operations manager has a crucial role in overseeing quality control.
(a) Explain the role of an operations manager in implementing and monitoring quality control measures in the hospital. (5 marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
In a multi-specialty hospital, the operations manager plays a critical role in implementing and overseeing quality control measures. This role is pivotal in ensuring that the hospital not only meets but exceeds the standards of healthcare services, thereby guaranteeing patient satisfaction and safety. Quality management in healthcare is a complex and continuous process that involves coordinating various departments, managing resources, and adhering to
(b) Discuss the various dimensions of quality in the healthcare sector and how each dimension contributes to overall patient care and experience. (5 marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Quality in healthcare is a multi-dimensional concept, encompassing various aspects that collectively determine the effectiveness, safety, and responsiveness of healthcare services. These dimensions are critical in shaping patient care and experience, directly influencing the outcomes and satisfaction of patients. Understanding and effectively managing these
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