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[ FALL, 2015 ] ASSIGNMENT
| PROGRAM | Master of Science in Information Technology(MSc IT)Revised Fall 2011 |
| SEMESTER | 3 |
| SUBJECT CODE & NAME | MIT3032– Distributed Operating System |
| CREDITS | 4 |
| BK ID | B0967 |
| MARKS | 60 |
Answer all Questions
Question.1. Explain (a) tightly coupled systems (b) loosely coupled systems.
Answer:
(a) tightly coupled systems
Multiprocessing is the use of two or more central processing units (CPUs) within a single computer system. The term also refers to the ability of a system to support more than one processor and/or the ability to allocate tasks between them. There are many variations on this basic theme, and the definition of multiprocessing can vary with context, mostly as a function of how CPUs are defined (multiple cores on one die, multiple dies in one package, multiple packages in one system unit, etc.).
According to some on-line
(b) loosely coupled systems.
Loosely coupled multiprocessor systems (often referred to as clusters) are based on multiple standalone single or dual processor commodity computers interconnected via a high speed communication system (Gigabit Ethernet is common). A Linux Beowulf cluster is an example of a loosely coupled system.
Question.2. Write a note on Distributed Algorithms.
Answer:A distributed algorithm is an algorithm designed to run on computer hardware constructed from interconnected processors. Distributed algorithms are used in many varied application areas of distributed computing, such as telecommunications, scientific computing, distributed information processing, and real-time process control. Standard problems solved by distributed algorithms include leader election, consensus, distributed search
Question.3. Explain the communication protocols of RPCs.
Answer:In computer science, a remote procedure call (RPC) is client/server system in which a computer program causes a subroutine or procedure to execute in another address space (commonly on another computer on a shared network) without the programmer explicitly coding the details for this remote interaction. That is, the programmer writes essentially the same code whether the subroutine is local to the executing program, or remote. When the software in question uses object-oriented principles, RPC might be called remote invocation or remote method invocation (RMI). Many different (often incompatible)
Question.4. What are the important issues involved in the design and implementation of DSM systems? Explain any two.
Answer:Object-based or structured DSM may use more efficient consistency because it is easier to specify what is going to be shared. Users can identify points in the program where the data is consistent. They only share designated objects or variables. If shared data accesses happen only inside critical sections, while a process enters into a critical section, the DSM only needs to ensure that variables are consistent.
Question.5. (a) Explain any two replication approaches in a DFS
Answer:The UNIX semantics is implemented in file systems for single CPU systems because it is the most desirable semantics and because it is easy to serialize all read/write requests. Implementing UNIX semantics in a distributed file system is not easy. One may think that this can be achieved in a distributed system by disallowing files to be cached at client nodes and allowing a shared file to be managed by only one file server that
(b) What is Ceph? Explain.
Answer:In computing, Ceph is a free software storage platform that stores data on a single distributed computer cluster, and provides interfaces for object-, block- and file-level storage. Ceph aims primarily to be completely distributed without a single point of failure, scalable to the exabyte level, and freely available. Ceph replicates
Question.6. (a) What is key management in cryptography? Explain.
Answer:Key management is the management of cryptographic keys in a cryptosystem. This includes dealing with the generation, exchange, storage, use, and replacement of keys. It includes cryptographic protocol design, key servers, user procedures, and other relevant protocols. Key management concerns keys at the user level, either between users or systems. This is in contrast to key scheduling; key scheduling typically refers
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