MH0051 – Health Administration

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ASSIGNMENT

 

 

Note: Answer all questions. Kindly note that answers for 10 marks questions should be approximately of 400 words. Each question is followed by evaluation scheme.

 

Q.1 Define health. Discuss the demographic profile of India.

 

Answer : Definition of health :

 

Health is the level of functional or metabolic efficiency of a living organism. In humans, it is the general condition of a person’s mind and body, usually meaning to be free from illness, injury or pain (as in “good health” or “healthy”).The World Health Organization (WHO) defined health in its broader sense in 1946 as “a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.

 

Components of demography :

 

The components of Demography are :-

 

 

Q.2. Explain the significance and achievements of national health programs for communicable diseases in India.

 

Answer :  Significance :

 

The past two centuries have seen enormous achievements in control of infectious diseases, previously the leading cause of death, in large measure due to sanitation and food safety, vaccines, antibiotics and improved nutrition. This has led people to put their faith in the notion that medical science would succeed in overcoming the remaining obstacles. Vaccination has eradicated smallpox, nearly eradicated poliomyelitis and greatly reduced many other highly dangerous infections such as diphtheria, tetanus and measles. New diseases such

 

 

Q. 3 List the government programs for nurturing newborns. Discuss any two programs in detail.   

Answer : Listing the government programs  :

 

1.Home-based new born care

2 Facility based new born care

3 Promotion of Infant and Young Child Nutrition (IYCN)

4 Child nutrition in the Reproductive and Child Health (RCH) programme

5 Routine immunization programme

6 Introduction of Hepatitis-B vaccine

7 Pulse polio immunization

 

Explanation of any two programs :

 

1. Child nutrition in the Reproductive and Child Health (RCH) programme

 

 

 

Q. 4  What is disaster reduction? Discuss the necessity of disaster alertness in hospitals.                 

 

Answer: Definition of disaster reduction :

 

Disaster risk reduction (DRR) is a systematic approach to identifying, assessing and reducing the risks of disaster. It aims to reduce socio-economic vulnerabilities to disaster as well as dealing with the environmental and other hazards that trigger them: Here it has been strongly influenced by the mass of research on vulnerability that has appeared in print since the mid-1970s. It is the responsibility of development and relief agencies alike. It should be an integral part of the way such organisations do their work, not an add-on or one-off action.

 

Necessity of disaster alertness in hospitals :

 

 

 

 

 

Q.5 Explain epidemiologic triad.

 

Answer : Epidemiologic triad:

 

The epidemiology triad is a model of how an infectious disease is spread. It consists of an agent, a host and an environment. The agent is the organism that does the infecting such as a virus or a parasite. The host is the organism that is being infected by the agent. The environment is the place and correct conditions for the agent and to come together with the host and infect it.

 

Key factors :

 

• Host
• Vector
• Agent
• Environment

 

Explanation :

 

A traditional model of infectious disease

 

 

 

 

Q.6  Define epidemiological study of association and causation in health and diseases.

Explain the uses of epidemiology.

 

Answer : Association and causation :

 

Epidemiology does not determine the cause of a disease in a given individual, Instead, it determines the relationship or association between a given exposure and frequency of disease in populations

We infer causation based upon the association and several other factors.

 

Association  –  an identifiable relationship between an exposure and disease implies that exposure might cause disease , exposures associated with a difference in disease risk are often called “risk factors” Most often, we design interventions based upon associations

 

 

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