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ASSIGNMENT
| PROGRAM | BSc IT |
| SEMESTER | THIRD |
| SUBJECT CODE & NAME | BT0076,TCP/IP |
| CREDIT | 4 |
| BK ID | BT0965 |
| MAX.MARKS | 60 |
Q.1 Draw the diagram of TCP/IP protocol suit. Explain network interface layer and Internet layer
Ans:- TCP/IP Guide has an excellent explanation of what a TCP/IP stack is and how it works. The process of encapsulation (ultimately why I included this information) also takes place in the TCP/IP stack. Encapsulation is where the next protocol in the stack encapsulates the datagram, giving it additional information that’s required, so the packet can successfully reach its destination. The following diagram (courtesy of TCP/IP Guide) depicts the encapsulation process:
Q.2 Define and explain address resolution protocol (ARP). Describe ARP packet generation.
Ans:- Address Resolution Protocol:-
Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) is a telecommunication protocol used for resolution of network layer addresses into link layer addresses, a critical function in multiple-access networks. ARP was defined by RFC 826 in 1982. It is Internet Standard STD 37. It is also the name of the program for manipulating these addresses in most operating systems.
Q.3 Define user datagram. Explain UDP datagram format and UDP Application Programming Interface.
Ans: – user datagram
The User Datagram Protocol (UDP) is one of the core members of the Internet protocol suite (the set of network protocols used for the Internet). With UDP, computer applications can send messages, in this case referred to as datagrams, to other hosts on an Internet Protocol (IP) network without prior communications to set up special transmission channels or data paths. The protocol was designed by David P. Reed in 1980 and formally defined in RFC 768.
Q.4 Write note on:
1. The Hierarchical Namespace
2. Fully Qualified Domain Names (FQDNs)
Ans: – The Hierarchical Namespace
Active Names are organized hierarchically into namespaces, analogous to domains in the Domain Naming System (DNS) and directories in a UNIX file system. Names within a namespace can be, in turn, namespaces (sub domains in DNS or subdirectories in UNIX); they can also be terminal leaves in the naming tree (machines in DNS, files in UNIX). Each namespace has a program associated with it that is
Q.5 Define Remote Execution Command Protocol (REXEC and RSH). Explain its principle of operation.
Ana: – Remote Execution Command Protocol (REXEC and RSH)
REXECD (Remote EXEcution Command Daemon) is a server that allows execution of the REXEC or RSH (Remote Shell Protocol) command from a remote host over the TCP/IP network. The client function is performed by the REXEC process.
Principle of Operation
Q.6 Explain the following versions of SNMP:
1. SNMPv1
2. SNMPv2
3. SNMPv2 entity
4. SNMPv2 party
Ans:- SNMP
Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) is an “Internet-standard protocol for managing devices on IP networks”. Devices that typically support SNMP include routers, switches, servers, workstations, printers, modem racks and more. SNMP is used mostly in network management systems to monitor network-
SNMPv1
This information is specific to SNMPv1. When using SNMPv1, the snmpd agent uses a simple authentication scheme to determine which Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) manager stations can access its
SNMPv2
SNMPv2 currently exists in at least three flavors, SNMPv2c, SNMPv2u, and SNMPv2*. SNMPv2c is community-based and is specified in RFCs 1902 through 1908. SNMPv2u is user-based and is specified in RFCs 1909 and 1910. SNMPv2* is
.
SNMPv2 entity
A SNMPv2 entity is an actual process which performs network management operations by generating and/or responding to SNMPv2 protocol messages in the manner specified in . When a SNMPv2 entity is acting as a particular SNMPv2 party (see Section 2.1), the operation of that entity must be restricted to the subset of all
SNMPv2 party
SNMPv2 party is a conceptual, virtual execution context whose operation is restricted (for security or other purposes) to an administratively defined subset of all possible operations of a particular SNMPv2 entity. A SNMPv2 entity is an actual process which performs network management operations by generating and/or responding to SNMPv2 protocol messages in the manner specified in [12]. Architecturally, every SNMPv2 entity maintains a local database that represents all SNMPv2 parties known to it.
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