MB0050 – RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

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ASSIGNMENT

 

 

Note: Answer all questions. Kindly note that answers for 10 marks questions should be approximately of 400 words. Each question is followed by evaluation scheme.

 

Q.1 Research is a sequential method of enquiry, directed towards a clear implicit or explicit objective. Describe in detail the steps to be carried out in a typical research study.

 

Answer : Meaning of Research :

 

Different scholars have interpreted the term ‘research’ in many ways. For instance, Fred Kerlinger (1986) stated that ‘Scientific research is a systematic, controlled and critical investigation of propositions about various phenomena.’ Grinnell (1993) has simplified the debate and stated ‘The word research is composed of two syllables, ‘re’ and ‘search’. The dictionary defines the former as a prefix meaning ‘again’, ‘anew’ or ‘over again’. Search is defined as a verb meaning ‘to examine closely and carefully’, ‘to test and try’, or ‘to probe’. Together,

 

 

 

Q.2 Exploratory research designs are the simplest and most loosely structured research designs. Explain the methods that can be used in an Exploratory research design.

 

Answer :Meaning of Exploratory research design :

 

Exploratory research design is a type of research conducted for a problem, but the problem itself has not been clearly understood. In other words, exploratory research is a process of gathering facts and doing research that later allows for the team to create the best research design or data collection method available for specific subjects. This process will draw definitive conclusions only with caution due to the nature of the process. In many cases, this process leads to the understanding that no problem actually exists.

 

Methods and techniques  :

 

1. Study of Secondary Data

 

 

Q. 3 The choice of the measurement scale has implications for the statistical technique to be

used for data analysis. Discuss the types of measurement scales with examples.

 

Answer : Meaning of Measurement scales:

 

Measurement scales are used to categorize and/or quantify variables. This lesson describes the four scales of measurement that are commonly used in statistical analysis: nominal, ordinal, interval, and ratio scales. Each scale of measurement satisfies one or more of the following properties of measurement. Each value on the measurement scale has a unique meaning. A minimum value of zero. The scale has a true zero point, below which no values exist.

 

Types of Measurement scales with examples :

 

1. Nominal Scale of Measurement:

 

 

 

 

Q.4 Explain the following:

(a) Formalized and unconcealed questionnaire

(b) Formalized and concealed questionnaire

(c) Non-formalized and unconcealed questionnaire

(d) Non-formalized and concealed questionnaire

 

Answer : Meaning of Questionnaire :

 

A questionnaire is a research instrument consisting of a series of questions and other prompts for the purpose of gathering information from respondents. Although they are often designed for statistical analysis of the responses, this is not always the case.

Questionnaires have advantages over some other types of surveys in that they are cheap, do not require as much effort from the questioner as verbal or telephone surveys, and often have standardized answers that make it simple to compile data. However, such standardized answers may frustrate users.

 

Formalized and unconcealed questionnaire :

 

This is the one that is the most frequently used by all management researchers. This is the one that is the most frequently used by all

 

 

 

 

 

Q.5 a. Briefly explain the steps in Hypothesis testing.

 

Answer : 1.  Stating the research question.

 

The first step is to state the research problem in terms of a question that identifies the population(s) of interest to the researcher, the parameter(s) of the variable under investigation, and the hypothesized value of the parameter(s).

 

2.  Specify the null and alternative hypotheses:

 

The second step is to state the research question in terms of a null hypothesis (H0) and a alternative hypothesis (HA). The null hypothesis is the population parameter, µ = $30,000 (H0: µ = $30,000). The alternative hypothesis is the population parameter does not equal $30,000 ( HA: µ NE $30,000). This HA suggests a two-tailed test as NE $30,

 

 

b. It is known form past studies that the monthly average household expenditure on the food items in a locality is Rs. 2700 with a standard deviation of Rs. 160. An economist took a random sample of 25 households from the locality and found their monthly household expenditure on food item to be Rs. 2790. At 0.01 level of significance, can we conclude that the average household expenditure on the food items is greater than Rs. 2700?

 

Answer :

Formula/ Calculation/ Solution to the problem :

 

p value = average – value for testing/(st. deviation/ sqroot of sample length)

 

so on putting all the values:

 

= (2700-2790)/(160/sq.rt25)

= -90/32

 

 

 

Q.6 Explain the Structure of the Research Report. What are the guidelines for effective report

writing?

 

Answer : Structure of the Research Report :

 

In business, the information provided in reports needs to be easy to find, and written in such a way that the client can understand it. This is one reason why reports are divided into sections clearly labelled with headings and sub-headings. Technical information which would clutter the body of the report is placed in the appendix. The structure of a report and the purpose and contents of each section is shown below.

 

1.Title page :

 

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