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Summer 2013
Master of Business Administration- MBA Semester 3
MU0011 – Management and Organisational Development – 4 Credits
(Book ID: B1726)
Note: Assignment (60 marks) must be written within 6-8 pages. Answer all questions. Kindly note that answers for 10 marks questions should not exceed 400 words.
Q1.Explain the importance of Organisational development to managers. Describe the characteristics of Organisational Development.
Answer : Meaning of organisational development :
Organization development is the process through which an organization develops the internal capacity to most efficiently and effectively provide its mission work and to sustain itself over the long term. This definition highlights the explicit connection between organizational development work and the achievement of organizational mission. This connection is the rationale for doing OD work. Organization development, according to Richard Beckhard, is defined as: a planned effort, organization-wide, managed from the top, to increase organization effectiveness and health, through planned interventions in the organization’s ‘processes’.
Importance :
Q2.What is meant by Organisational change? What are the various strategies for change? Explain the positive model of planned change.
Answer : Organisational change :
Organisational change is defined as change that has an impact on the way that work is performed and has significant effects on staff. This could include changes:
- In the structure of an organisation
- To organisational operation and size of a workforce
- To working hours or practices
- In the way roles are carried out
Various strategies :
- Define focal issue and vision
- Define external forces and opportunities
- Prepare the plan which connects goals to all organizational elements
- Communicate the plan throughout the organization
Q3.Define the term ‘ethical dilemma’. What are the various ethical dilemmas? Explain.
Answer : Ethical dilemma :
An Ethical dilemma is a complex situation that often involves an apparent mental conflict between moral imperatives, in which to obey one would result in transgressing another. This is also called an ethical paradox since in moral philosophy, paradox often plays a central role in ethics debates. Ethical dilemmas are often cited in an attempt to refute an ethical system or moral code, as well as the worldview that encompasses or grows from it.[citation needed]
Definition :
In most if not all organizations, and no matter how hard organizational leaders try to deal with them, problems just seem to keep cropping up. Even when it appears that an organizational leader has solved a particular problem, it oftentimes just as quickly reappears, like weeds in a flower bed.Cuban (1992) argues that organizational leaders shouldn’t be surprised that problems emerge time and again.
Example of ethical mistakes:
Here is an example of ethical dilemma which people often face.
Q4. What are the two major types of human process interventions? Describe the role negotiation technique?
Answer : Two major types of human process interventions :
(1) Individual intervention
(2) Group interventions
Explanation :
Individual Interventions:
These interventions are designed to help people be more effective or to increase the information they have about their “blind spot” in the Johari Window. Before process consultants can give individual feedback, they first must observe relevant events, ask questions to understand the issues fully, and make certain that the feedback is given to the client in a usable manner. The following are guidelines for effective feedback.
- The giver and receiver must have consensus on the receiver’s goals.
- The giver should emphasize description and appreciation.
- The giver should be concrete and specific.
- Both giver and receiver must have constructive motives.
- The giver should not withhold negative feedback if it is relevant.
Q5.What approaches have been set by OD practitioners while setting up the goal program? What are the reasons for setting goals? Explain the advantages and barriers of goal setting.
Answer : Meaning of goal :
A goal is a desired result a person or a system envisions, plans and commits to achieve a personal or organizational desired end-point in some sort of assumed development. Many people endeavor to reach goals within a finite time by setting deadlines.
Explanation of approaches while setting goals :
1. One Minute Manager Approach to Goal Setting :
The purpose of the One Minute Manager approach to goal setting is to establish clearly defined goals and expectations between a leader of an organization and the members of that organization. As a manager, establishing the objectives of your employees assures accountability in your organization.
- Define and agree upon your goals
- Define what positive behavior looks like
Q6.What is meant by ‘learning organisation’? What are the characteristics of learning organisation? Describe the seven steps of initiating Organisational learning.
Answer : Learning organisation :
A learning organization is the term given to a company that facilitates the learning of its members and continuously transforms itself. Learning organizations develop as a result of the pressures facing modern organizations and enables them to remain competitive in the business environment. A learning organization has five main features; systems thinking, personal mastery, mental models, shared vision and team learning.
Characteristics of learning organisation :
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